​Cosmetic and skincare products are integral to daily routines worldwide. However, concerns have arisen regarding their potential adverse effects on human health. A systematic review published in Cureus aimed to evaluate these safety concerns by analyzing existing literature on the subject.​

Methodology

Researchers conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, focusing on studies that reported adverse effects associated with cosmetic and skincare products. They assessed the quality of these studies and extracted relevant data to identify common adverse effects and their potential causes.​

Findings

The review identified several adverse effects linked to cosmetic and skincare products, including:​

• Skin Irritations and Allergies: Ingredients such as fragrances and preservatives were frequently associated with contact dermatitis and allergic reactions.​

• Hormonal Disruptions: Certain chemicals, notably parabens and phthalates, were found to interfere with endocrine functions, potentially leading to hormonal imbalances.​

• Carcinogenic Potential: Some compounds used in these products have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.For instance, formaldehyde, a common preservative, is recognized as a human carcinogen. ​

Discussion

The prevalence of adverse events varied across different regions and populations. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported a pooled prevalence of cosmetic-induced adverse events at 41.1%, with the highest prevalence observed in Africa (53.6%). This variability underscores the influence of factors such as product formulation, usage patterns, and individual susceptibility.

Conclusion

While cosmetic and skincare products offer aesthetic and therapeutic benefits, they also pose potential health risks. The review emphasizes the need for heightened consumer awareness, stricter regulatory oversight, and the development of safer product formulations to mitigate these risks.​

Reference www.cureus.com